VICTORIA DIVISION - NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA

NAVAL & MARITIME QUIZ

· This was prepared for Australian Navy Cadets Units and other approved Maritime Cadet Units in Victoria but it is now open to any internet browser who would like to attempt the answers and submit them to us for marking. Try out your knowledge of maritime history.

40-59% correct WELL DONE
60-74% correct GOOD
75-84% correct VERY GOOD
85-94% correct EXCELLENT
95-100% correct GENUIS.

QUIZ QUESTIONS:

1. When is a sailing ship said to be "running free"?
2. What is an Aldis lamp used for?
3. Name the Cardinal points of a compass.
4. How would you measure the size of a wire rope?
5. What is the liquid used to fill the bowl of an Admiralty Compass and why is it used?
6. Which is the Starboard side of a ship?
7. What time is "one bell in the last day watch"?
8. What time is "seven bells in the forenoon watch?
9. What sound signal should be made by a steamship under way in fog?
10. On which barometer do changes of atmospheric pressure register more rapidly (a) aneroid barometer; (b) mercurial barometer; (c) ship's barometer?
11. When a ship passes from the Pacific to the Atlantic through the Panama Canal does the vessel sail (a) east; (b) north-west; (c) north-east; (d) west?
12. When you parcel a rope do you do this (a) with the lay; (b) against the lay?
13. Who was the first Englishman man to sail around the world?
14. A Brigantine is a (a) a single masted vessel (b) two-masted vessel; (c) a three-masted vessel
15. How would you refer to the difference between true and magnetic north (a) the compass drift; (b) the variation; (c) the deviation?
16. Describe the International Code flags used for making the signal "I Require a Pilot".
17. What additional alternative International Code flag can a British ship use for calling for a Pilot? Describe it.
18. What is meaning of the following International Code flag signals (a) Q; (b) QQ; (c) QL
19. What is the meaning of the 'Blue Peter' International Code flag when hoisted singly (a) in harbour; (b) at sea?
20. Hoists are flying at the masthead and also at the Port and Starboard yardarms. In what order should they be read?
21. Can the International Code 'Substitute' flag be used more than once in one group of flags?
22. What flags are hoisted when a ship is in distress and requires immediate assistance? Describe them.
23. What is a Palindromic Deck?
24. What is the upper edge of a boat's side called?
25. What is a single masted vessel, with a running bowsprit, fore and aft rigged, with gaff mainsail, foresail and jib called, (a) Lugger; (b) schooner; (c) cutter; (d) ketch?
26. When depth soundings were achieved using a hand lead line what was the approximate weight of the hand lead?
27. When depth soundings were achieved using a hand lead line why did we "arm the lead" and how and why was this done?
28. What is a spring tide?
29. What is a Neap tide?
30. The following ships' names have the wrong facts attached to them. Sort them out so that the correct statements apply to the named ship.
(i) German Naval Ship Graf Spee - *Sunk by torpedo from HMS Dorsetshire, about 400 miles off Brest.
(ii) German Naval Ship Bismarck - *Torpedoed by a U-Boat at Scapa Flow.
(iii) HMS Rawalpindi - *Scuttled in the River Plate.
(iv) HMS Royal Oak - *Torpedoed by a U-Boat in the Atlantic Ocean.
(v) HMS Courageous - *Sunk by GNS Deutschland, between Faroe Island and Greenland.
31. The following story concerns PO Smith during World War 2 and in the story are alternative pairs of words in italics but only one is correct in each pair. List the words that are correct. "PO Smith got up from the form/bench in his mess/flat and put away his book away in his locker/cupboard. He went forward/for'ard to climb the gangway/ladder to the upper deck/quarterdeck. Looking around the harbour he noticed a ship sending a signal by Morse/light. The wind being rather cold, he went astern/aft to a warm position abaft/behind the chimney/funnel. Suddenly he heard a pipe: 'Away, motor-boatcrew'/ 'Away motor-boat'. Not being duty division/duty watch, he decided to go ashore with the ashore party/libertymen."
32. Can you recognize the stars and constellations in diagrams 1, 2 & 3 ? [Three points for each correct answer to questions (i), (ii) & (iii).]

(i) what are they?
(ii) Which is the North Star?
(iii) Do you know the alternative names for the star groups in diagram 3?
33. What was the object of Captain Cook's first voyage to the South Pacific?
34. What timbers were generally used for shipbuilding in Tasmania during the 1800s?
35. What is the Load Line on a Merchant ship and what is it used to indicate?
36. What was the name of the first all weather armoured British battleship and when was it constructed?
37. What is the density of sea water?
38. What was the range of British Naval guns at the Battle of Trafalgar?
39. What was 'Operation Pluto' in the 1939-45 war and how was the name derived?
40. How would you describe a 'chine'?
41. Sailing ships used to have bonnets and aprons. But what are they?
42. What is a lee-board?
43. Approximately how many members of the British Merchant Service lost their lives in the 1939-45 war?
44. What is 'degaussing' used for?
45. What Australian Prime Minister before the 1939-45 war later became a Minister for the Navy during that war?
46. What is 'smelling the land'?
47. What is a 'lizard' in nautical parlance?
48. How is the length of a vessel between perpendiculars measured?
49. A carronade and carron oil have something in common. Do you know what? 50. Chatham is one of the old famous Royal Naval Dockyards. How long has it been there and give a detailed description of its location.
51. Three armed Australian Coastal liners were converted to Armed Merchant Cruisers during the 1939-45. What are their names?
52. The Beaufort Scale of wind force has "Force6". What is its speed?
53.The master of the first merchant ship sunk in the 1939-45 war was Captain James Cook. What was the name of his vessel?
54. What is careening?
55. The reason why a sailing boat can sail against the wind was not fully understood until the advent of the aeroplane. Explain Why?
56. How was the presence of German mines in Australasian waters during the 1939-45 war first discovered?
57. Mrs Heman's poem "Casabianca" has a line "The boy stood on the burning deck . . . . ". Of what ship and in what battle and who was the boy?
58. The creation of an Australian Navy (renamed Royal Australian Navy in 1911) was originally suggested by a British Naval Officer. Who was he?
59. The British Admiralty in the 1939-45 war built a special net laying vessel called "Protector". There was an Australian warship of that name when did she first arrive in Australia, was she known by any other name and if so why was she renamed and when did she paid off?
60. Germany in the 1939-45 war had a rank of "Generaladmiral". Has the British Navy ever had a rank of "General"? If so, explain the circumstances.
61. Who were the personal opponents of Admiral:
(a) Howard in the Armada Battle?
(b) Blake in the Battle of Kentish Knock?
(c) Jervis at the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
(d) Nelson at Battle of Trafalgar?
(e) Jellicoe at the Battle of Jutland.
62. What was the relationship of the Clipper ship Sobraon with the Royal Australian Navy?
63. Is the term 'under weigh' correct?
64. What is the length of a nautical mile and how was it determined?
65. Who was the first Flag Officer to command the HM Australian Fleet and in what Australian ship and on what date was his flag first flown?
66. What does the 'Flying Angel' device on a flag indicate?
67. What is a 'Sheer Hulk"?
68. The Name "P & O Line" is the 'Peninsula and Oriental Steam Navigation Company'. What does the 'Peninsula' signify and how is it represented in the P&O house flag?
69. We may have heard the term 'country bumpkin' used but what is a 'sea bumpkin'?
70. Up to 2003 what was or is the:
(a) largest sailing ship ever constructed?
(b) Largest merchant ship ever constructed?
(c) Largest warship ever constructed?
71. Which of Britain, France, USA, Germany and Italy first used electrically propelled ships and around what date?
72. A Merchant Service Company ship used electrical driven propellers for the first time - when, and by which Company and in which ship?
73. What is a "Dutchman's Log"?
74. From where did we get the word "Hammock"?
75. When were submarines first introduced into the Royal Navy?
76. What in Naval parlance, are 'Nettles'?
77. October is Battle of Trafalgar month, during which, in 1805, Nelson and his crew on HMS Victory fought. We are now 198 years older than that fateful day. How old will the ship HMS Victory be in July 2003 from the date of her being launched?
78. A merchant sailor, Captain Francis Light, was the founder of Penang. What is his son famous for in Australian history?
79. The entrance to Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, is famous for its broken water known as the "Rip". What causes this water race in the "Rip"?
80. Which sailor first suggested the name "Australia"?
81. Tasmania was originally known as Van Diemen's Land. What is the connection between these two names?
82. The RAN has had, to date, 23 submarines. Can you name them? (1 point per name).
83. Name the ANZAC Class Frigates that have been and are still building at Williamstown Dockyard and when and who they were constructed for. (1 Point each)
84. What was the name of the landing craft that beached at Sedel Bay, Cape Helles, Gallipoli in the 1914-18 war?
85. Who more than anyone is considered the founder of the Australian Navy, later renamed Royal Australian Navy in 1911? Briefly why was he considered the founder?
86. What was the relationship between these British Admirals? Samuel, Viscount Hood; Alexander, Viscount Bridport, Sir Samuel Hood.
87. The aircraft carrier HMAS Sydney was originally built under what name?
88. The Light cruiser HMAS Sydney (1933) was originally built under what name?
89. What is the claim to fame of Captain Fleming of the pinnace Golden Hind?
90. Which are the (a) Spice Islands, (b) Fortunate Isles, (c) the Orcades?
91. By what two men were the following remarks made, and upon what occasion?
92. What was the name of the first Allied merchant ship sunk in the Pacific in the 1939-45 world war?
93. The following is a seasonal weather guide. Do you know to what it refers? June - too soon July - stand by August - you must September - remember! October - all over.
94. We hear of the Signs of the Zodiac. What is the Zodiac?
95. What is the difference between a naval pipe and a spurling pipe?
96. "Displacement" refers to the weight of water theoretically displaced by a ship - equal to her weight in tons. What is "Standard Displacement" and when was the term introduced?
97. Who discovered Westernport Bay, Victoria, and when? Why was it so called?
98. An early Merchant ship loss in 1939-45 world war was the "Africa Shell". When, where and by what was she sunk?
99. Describe the manoeuvre known as "Crossing the T"? Why was it used and when has it been used?
100. The Sloop was re-introduced during the 1914-18 war for anti-submarine warfare and minesweeping. Do you know when it first appeared in the Royal Navy, and whence its name was derived?
101. Merchant ships adapted for warfare were known by a variation of the letters A, C & M. What, for example, do the letters AMC, CAM and MAC stand for when applied to Merchant ships during the 1939-45 war?
102. In the 1950s the Royal Navy had an aircraft carrier named after a Bass Strait passenger vessel that traded between Melbourne and Tasmania before the 1914-18 war. What was her name and what happened to her during the 1914-18 war?
103. Do you know how many fathoms there are between shackles in (a) the Merchant Service, (b) the Navy?
104. Which is the longer, the Panama or the Suez Canal?
105. The old HMS Implacable fought at the Battle of Trafalgar but under the French as the Duguay-Trouin. Why did the French give her that name?
106. The following five Captains feature in published fictional stories by reasonably well known writers. Can you identify the books' authors and titles? (2 points for each correct answer) (a) Captain Ahab (b) Captain MacWhirr (c) Captain Kettle (d) Captain Cuttle (e) Captain Dodd
107. James Lyle Mackay was a big figure in British shipping as Director of the Peninsular and Oriental - The P&O Line. He was in later years better known by another name after receiving an honour from the British Monarch. What was his title?
108. Watling Island. For what is it noted?
109. What is, approximately, the greatest height of land above the sea and the greatest depth of the ocean?
110. Describe the following vessels: (2 points each correct answer) (a) pram (b) a lorcha (c) a coble (d) a dhow (e) a felucca
111. What is a lateen sail?
112. On 26th April, 1606, Pedro Fernandez de Quiros reached a land in the Pacific which he believed to be a sought-for mainland. He christened it Tierra Austral del Espiritu Santo. What was he seeking, and where had he really arrived?
113. What is the Beaufort Scale, and why so named?
114. Do you know who made the following signal, and on what occasion? "The German flag will be hauled down at sunset today, and will not be hoisted again without permission."
115. In Washington, USA, stands a statue of a seaman, David Farrgut. Explain who he is and what did he do to earn this honour.
116. Interpret the following groups of abbreviations used on charts, and explain what each group refers to. Group 1: Alt., F., Fl., Gp., Occ., Rev., (U) Group 2: c., choc., crl., gl., fib., mang., oz., sft., sh. Group 3: B., G., Cheq., H.S., V.S.
117. Do you know where and when the first British and American Merchant ships were sunk by enemy action in 1939-45 war? What were the names of the ships concerned?
118. The steamer Zeelandia was once well-known around the Australian coastal ports. When, where and how did she meet her end?
119. What are the two kinds of "fid" that were used at sea, and what were the two kinds of "fiddle"?
120. What is a sponson?
121. Name the Australian "N" Class destroyers of 1939-45 war. On what dates did each go out of service with the RAN?
122. Victoria has a town named after the last Lord High Admiral of England. What is its name and what is the significance of this name for that township?
123. Where did the word Starboard come from?
124. "What Phillip of Spain tried to do and failed. What Napoleon wanted to do and could not. What Hitler never had the courage to try, we are about to do, and with God's grace we shall". These words were uttered by a British Admiral during the 1939-45 war. Who was he and to what did he refer?
125. What is the outstanding physical difference between the North and South polar regions?
126. If you sail from the port of Aden you can reach a little heard of port of Safaga. Where is it?
127. These Pacific Islands have alternative names. What are they? (1) Navigator's islands. (2) Friendly Islands. (3) Ladrone Islands.
128. On Boxing day 1943, HMS Ships Australia, Shropshire, Arunta and Warramunga took part in the US landings at Cape Gloucester, New Britain. Who names the Cape and the Island?
129. In 1580 a ship, entered Plymouth Sound after a long voyage. It hailed a passing fisherman and asked "Is the Queen still alive?" What was the ship, who was its captain and why was it necessary for him to ask that question as soon as he arrived?
130. When and how did the term "Capital Ship" arise?
131. In a number of her wars Britain suffered from the "guerre de course". What is it?
132. Australia used the Merchant clipper Sobraon as a training ship HMAS Tingira. The British Merchant Service used a line-of-battle ship, HMS Nile, as an officers' training ship. What was she called?
133. In the summer of 1940, the sea near Gravelines off the French coast was the site of an epic event. What was that event and what was another event at the same place that was so crucial to Britain in past history?
134. Why is Rottnest Island off the Western Australian coast at Fremantle so named?
135. Where are the Abrolhos Islands and why are they called that?
136. Many early ships for Japan's navy in 1939-45 were built by the British. Who was responsible for and when was the first occasion of British shipbuilding for Japan?
137. Who constructed the first practical submarines and when?
138. What is a barbette?
139. The Duke of Cornwall and York, who was later H.M. King George V, came to Australia in 1927 to open the Federal Parliament in the newly created Capital City of Canberra located in the mountains. His father, King Edward VII, when Duke of York, also came to Australia but in March 1901 to open the first Commonwealth Parliament of Australia in 1901, which sat in the State Parliament House of the nation's first Federal Capital City, Melbourne. What ships transported these two Royal Dukes to Australia?
140. Who was the first European discoverer of the Pacific Ocean and to whom was this discovery wrongly attributed in later years?
141. In NSW is La Perouse; in Western Australia is found the D'Entrecasteaux Point, Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance Bay. What is the connection between these names?
142. The first action between surface ships in the 1939-45 war was fought on 23rd November 1939. What ships were involved?
143. What was Vice-Admiral Sir Bertram Home Ramsay RN's great contribution to victory in the 1939-45 war?
144. How long does it take the earth to rotate through a degree of longitude? 145. A certain article used to be as much an essential in the outfit of an oceanographer as it is in that of a piano manufacturer. What is it and who introduced it for oceanographic use?
146. Why is the Sextant so called, and what is the principle of its operation?
147. Oliver Cromwell's soldiers were known as "Ironsides". What ship was known as "Old Ironsides"?
148. The ship that laid down the first Atlantic Cable had additional claims to fame. Do you know any of them?
149. Rodondo is a landmark well known to navigators on the Australian coast. Where is it?
150. The following Islands lie in the approaches to ports. Can you name the ports? (a) Breaksea Island; (b) Anticosti Island; (c) Ailsa Craig; (d) Robben Island; (e) Ushant; (f) Rottnest; (g) Long Island; (h) Magnetic; (i) Shadwan Island.
151. Name the first "O" Class submarine commissioned and name all the "O" class vessels in order of commissioning.
152. How many Fremantle Class Patrol boats were commissioned into the RAN and what were their names in order of commissioning.
153. On what date did the Korean war start and what Australian Naval ship carried out Australia's first operation in that war and on what date?
154. What was the 1939-45 World War 2 Naval Intelligence Coastwatchers codename and why was it chosen?
155. Who was the RAN Director of Naval Intelligence in the 1939-45 war?
156. On what date did the Naval Reserve Cadet organisation take over from the Navy League of Australia Australian Sea Cadet Corps (NLASCC)?
157. In what year did the forerunner organisations of Sea Cadets - the Navy League Sea Cadet Corps (NLSCC) commence.
158. On 1st September 1920 Australia's largest Naval training Establishment was commissioned. What was it called and when was its name amended and to what?
159. Do you know how a ship's derrick got its name?
160. The Owen Stanley Ranges in New Guinea became famous in the 1939-45 war. How did they get this name?
161. How many RAN ships have been named Parramatta, some decommissioned and recommissioned. What were the dates of their operational periods?
162. Who was the originator of the Naval "Band of Brothers"?
163. Where in a ship's construction plating are (a) the Garboard Strake, (b) the Sheer Strake.
164. There used to be an Orient Line ship named ORCADES. What is the association of this name with Scapa Flow?
165. Name the rivers on which the following ports have been established and their general locations. (a) Manaos; (b) Shanghai; (c) Rotterdam; (d) Mandalay; (e) Rosario; (f) Baton Rouge; (g) Melbourne.
166. A Carrack was what type of ship?
167. The Punic Wars in very ancient times was an early example of the potency of sea power. Why was it called Punic War?
168. After what is the Torpedo called?
169. British Merchant ships have painted on their sides a circular disk 12 inches (305mm) diameter with a horizontal line 18 inches (453mm) in length drawn through its centre. What is the function of this marking?
170. An heir to the English throne was lost in the wreck of a ship named 'Le Blanche Nef'. What was his name and where did the wreck occur?
171. What was a "nef"?
172. The Australian Coastal steamer Manunda was again in service after the 1939-45 world war after being repaired from damage sustained during this war. What was her war-time task and where did she sustain this damage?
173. We all see advertising billboards on our daily travels but what is a Nautical Billboard?
174. What prefixes were given to persons with the names of (a) Bell; (b) Wilson; (c) Sykes; (d) Clark; (e) White; (f) Adams?
175. Why is a ship's speed described as knots?
176. What and where is Australia's Albany Pass ?
177. Nautically speaking what is [a] a Scotchman; [b] a Norman; [c] Irish Pennants; [d] a Spanish Windlass; [e] a Dutchman's Log?
178. What is a Pharos, and why is it so named?
179. HMAS Sydney fought an action off Cape Spada in July 1940. What were the names of the other ships in this battle?
180. Early in 19th Century two RN frigates discovered an uncharted Pacific island only to be hailed in English by a native in a canoe named, Thursday October Christian. What is the name of the island and what do you know about this man?
181. East Indiaman "The Kent" suffered a dramatic fate at sea. What was it?
182. HMS Captain suffered a dramatic fate at sea. What was it?
183. The "Titanic" suffered a dramatic fate at sea. What was it?
184. HMS Victoria suffered a dramatic fate at sea. What was it?
185. The "Birkenhead" suffered a dramatic fate at sea. What was it?
186. HMS Hampshire suffered a dramatic fate at sea. What was it?
187. USS Maine suffered a dramatic fate at sea. What was it?
188. Who commanded thee RAN Squadron at the outbreak of war in 1939?
189. In a naval messdeck if you were offered a meal of Fanny Adams, farmyards nuggets, one-eyed steaks, bangers and kye, what would you expect to get, besides indigestion? 190. When was the first overseas steam mail service to Australia established?
191. How did the famous America's Cup come into being?
192. What is a Dolphin striker?
193. What flag has a gold anchor on a field bisected horizontally, toip half red bottom half blue?
194. What is St Elmo's Fire?
195. There were two Battles of the Falkland Islands. In what years did they occur and between what nations naval ships?
196. The Steamer "Montrose" was associated with a famous crime. What was the connection?
197. How did the famous clipper Cutty Sark get its name?
198. What is a Bottomry Bond?
199. What was the name of, and when did the first steamship arrive in Australia and what happened to her in later years?
200. On 7 Nov 1940 British steamship Cambridge was sunk by mine off Wilson's Promontory. Was she the first ship so sunk in Australian waters?
201. In the 1939-45 war a Merchant Liner (ex Australian Commonwealth) achieved fame. What was her name and what action was she noted for, and what was her fate?
202. What was the last Royal Naval flagship on the Australia Station?
203. The battle cruiser HMAS Australia was scuttled off Sydney Heads, but another "Australia" was sunk at Port Phillip Heads. What was her name and when and how did this occur?
204. A Royal Naval ship was damaged off Lord Howe Island in July 2002. What was its name, who commanded her, and what was the result of the subsequent court martial?
205. The Merchant Service Captains have their own professional organization. What is it called?
206. The RAN recently rescued a seriously ill sailor in the Indian Ocean in 2003. What RAN ship carried out this rescue and what was the name of the merchant ship?
207. The previous National Anthem "God Save the Queen" has been replaced by "Advance Australia Fair". When are they to be played?
208. What Japanese SD Ships visited Melbourne on 30 June 2003?
209. In 1909 the SS Waratah was lost on a voyage from Australia to England. Where, when and to whom did she belong?
210. Australian-trade clipper ship "Aristides" was listed as missing in 1903 and HMS Amphion was one of the ships that looked for her. Who owned the Aristides and what connection did HMS Amphion have with the RAN?
211. The Lord High Admiral of England was an honoured position. When was it first instituted and who was the first person appointed and who and when was the last appointee.
212. What is the difference between Compass North and Magnetic North called?
213. What do we mean by Navigation?
214. What do mean by Pilotage?
215. What do we mean when we say the wind is veering?
216. Destroyer HMAS Nestor. Where did this name come from?
217. Destroyer HMAS Nizam. Where did this name come from?
218. Destroyer HMAS Napier. Where did this name come from?
219. Destroyer HMAS Quiberon. Where did this name come from?
220. Destroyer HMAS Quickmatch. Where did this name come from?
221. What traditional privileges were given to naval officers who rounded Cape Horn and the Cape of Good Hope?
222. Why is Roman notation used to indicate the draft of a ship?
223. In 1836 HMS Beagle arrived arrived in Australia with a distinguished passenger. Who was he?
224. Admiral Henderson was prominent in Australian Naval Defence. Who was he?
225. Where do you find the following types of craft? (a) Feluccas; (b) Dghaisas; (c) Cobles; (d) Catamarans; (e) Caiques; (f) Gufas; (g) Kayaks.
226. Do you know the name of the first British ironclad warship and when was she built?
227. Do you know what ships comprised Captain Arthur Phillip's First Fleet?
228. What two world famous capes were land-marks in voyages to and from Australia. What caused their importance to diminish?
229. Sailing north from Western Australia in September 1699 in HMS Roebuck, William Dampier came to an island where "I heard that there were both Dutch and Portuguese settlements." What was the island's name?
230. In the book "Peter Simple", Captain Marryat wrote a fine description of the club-hauling of the "Diomede". What was club-hauling? A. To tack when on a lee shore with no room, by letting go the anchor and casting the ship on the cable, possibly with a spring to assist
231. What and where is the Albany Pass?
232. Why is Loch Ard Gorge on the Victorian coast so named?
233. When did the Naval reserve first come into existence?
234. There is one instance of a name given by Captain James Cook being blotted from the map of Australia. What was that name and why did this occur?
235. Do you know when the RN Australia Station was first formed?
236. An RN Lieutenant is credited with having first conceived the idea of the present Suez Canal. What was his name?
237. During the 19th Century Australian Colonial Naval forces rallied to the aid of Britain in a war in the Middle East. What was the war and what Australian Colonies provided ships and what were the names of the ships?
238. Who was the original First Naval member of the Australian Commonwealth Naval Board?
239. William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania in the USA, had a father who became what?
240. What do you know about Prize Money in the Australian Commonwealth?
241. Who is last in and out of a boat?
242. What are the traditional Naval toasts in the Wardroom for each night of the week?
243. A naval man or woman is "in" or "on" a ship - which?
244. Who was the British Naval Officer whose exploits rivalled Lord Nelsons, was cashiered, entered Parliament, later dismissed the Service, expelled from Parliament, deprived of his decorations, sentenced to a year' imprisonment, then won a great reputation commanding the Brazilian Navy. Was restored to his naval Rank in Britain, rose to Rear Admiral and then Vice Admiral and commanded on the West Indies and North American Station?
245. Name the British General who commanded the British Navy at the Three Days Battle? What other battles did he fight?
246. Who was the first RAN College graduate to attain the rank of Captain?
247. What is the major constructional difference between the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal?
248. Who manufactured the first practical chronometer?
249. How did the three naval ensigns White, Red and Blue originate?
250. What happened to the British White ensign during Cromwell's Protectorate?

END OF QUIZ